These structures were commissioned by former Yugoslavian president Josip Broz Tito in the 1960s and 70s to commemorate sites where WWII battles took place (like Tjentište, Kozara and Kadinjača), or where concentration camps stood (like Jasenovac and Niš). They were designed by different sculptors (Dušan Džamonja, Vojin Bakić, Miodrag Živković, Jordan and Iskra Grabul, to name a few) and architects (Bogdan Bogdanović, Gradimir Medaković...), conveying powerful visual impact to show the confidence and strength of the Socialist Republic. In the 1980s, these monuments attracted millions of visitors per year, especially young pioneers for their "patriotic education." After the Republic dissolved in early 1990s, they were completely abandoned, and their symbolic meanings were forever lost.
From 2006 to 2009, Kempenaers toured around the ex-Yugoslavia region (now Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, etc.) with the help of a 1975 map of memorials, bringing before our eyes a series of melancholy yet striking images. His photos raise a question: can these former monuments continue to exist as pure sculptures? On one hand, their physical dilapidated condition and institutional neglect reflect a more general social historical fracturing. And on the other hand, they are still of stunning beauty without any symbolic significances.
これらの建造物は1960から1970年代、ユーゴスラビア社会主義連邦共和国だった時代に、当時の初代大統領ヨシップ・ブロズ・ティトーが、当時の名だたる建築家に依頼し作らせたモニュメントだそうだ。冷戦時代に突入していた当時、ユーゴスラビアはソビエト連邦と手を組みながらも独自の社会主義国家を実現していった。記念碑は視覚的にわかりやすく、市場社会主義と共産主義の強さを象徴したものだそうだ。
1980年代には、この記念碑を見るために1年で数百万もの訪問客が訪れたという。特に「愛国主義」の名のもとに、若き先駆者たちが数多くを訪れたという。1991年、ユーゴスラビア紛争によりユーゴスラビアが事実上解体された後、これらの記念碑は放棄され廃墟となった。と同時に、記念碑のもつ記号的な意味は永遠に失われていった。
http://www.cracktwo.com/2011/04/25-abandoned-soviet-monuments-that-look.html